Pathogenic variants (disease-causing) in the EGFR gene been reported in association with familial lung cancer predisposition, but this is rare. EGFR is most commonly associated with somatic mutations (genetic changes develop in the cancer cell only) that drive the development of certain cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer. EGFR alterations are also important in guiding targeted therapy decisions. Management of EGFR–related lung cancer includes regular surveillance tailored to guidelines to detect tumors early. EGFR variants are not known to be more common in the Ashkenazi Jewish population.
Pathogenic EGFR variants in the germline (ones that you are born with) exhibit autosomal dominant inheritance. This means there is a 50% chance the condition can be passed from generation-to-generation. First degree relatives (parents, siblings, children) have a 50% chance to have the same pathogenic variant whereas second degree relatives (grandparents, aunts/uncles, nieces/nephews, half-siblings) have a 25% chance. More distant relatives have lower chances of having the same pathogenic variant when one is identified in the family. EGFR alterations that develop by chance and are confined to the cancer cells only are not hereditary.
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Written December 2025
